As Europe emerged from the turmoil of interstate wars, it saw rise in population and immense competition in markets. Ideas of scientific enquiry and empiricism started to gain ground and there was an urge to figure out how the Earth works. Moreover, in the 15th century, the Ottoman empire held strong in the territories held by the Roman empire. Hence, the European powers were in a hassle to reach new lands and resources where there wouldn’t be a threat from the Ottoman empire...